Authors have put forth a hypothesis that the brain bears the innate capability of performing high-level mathematical computing in order to perform certain cognitive tasks. Authors give examples of Orthogonalization and Fourier transformation and argue that the former may correspond to the physiological action the brain performs to compare incoming information and put them in categories, while the latter could be responsible for the holographic nature of the long-term memory, which is known to withstand trauma. Authors plead that this proposal may not be as strange as it may appear, and argue how this line of mathematical modeling can have far-reaching consequences.

This case reports a 40-year-old male patient with right sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma. It is a rare malignant lesion with extremely aggressive and commonly recurrent nature. The average survival period is less than two years.

This pilot study compares the agreement in diagnosis between scanned slides and conventional microscopy in both low and high magnifications.

An evidence-based guideline for managing the second stage of labor can improve outcomes in women with epidural anesthesia.

Authors report their experience in management of two cases of giant sacrococcygeal teratomas in Ziguinchor Regional Hospital and emphasize the need for prenatal diagnosis and management before complications. Figure

Shoulder instability and lack of shoulder mobility are common and exhausting problems in adult patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. Although primary nerve reconstruction remains the “gold standard” for brachial plexus management, secondary shoulder reconstruction by trapezius transfer is needed in neglected cases.

Controversies have recently arisen regarding post-operative haemorrhagic complications in relation to the surgical procedures adopted for tonsillectomy. The authors set out to verify the relationship between surgical techniques and post-operative haemorrhage based on the analysis of data derived from multi-centric studies.

The authors examined the appropriateness of an IIP, which was modified to fit the Japanese population, who were usually less obese and less insulin-resistant. This IIP maintained blood glucose levels within the target range in patients who underwent open-heart surgery as equally well as the previous empirical therapy. These findings confirm the efficiency and safety of our IIP with less burden in blood glucose management of Japanese patients.

Authors report a young girl with an HNF1β mutation, who had a history of neonatal cholestasis, persistent liver dysfunction, and developed insulin-dependent diabetes without renal involvement. Further, authors review the literature related to the hepatic involvement associated with HNF1β mutations.

Authors report a case of lower extremity lymphedema treated by LVA that preoperatively mapped not only lymphatic vessels by PDE, but also veins and venules using Veinsite™ .