Traditionally, suturing techniques have been the mainstay for microvascular anastomoses, but owing to its technical difficulty and labour intensity, considerable work has gone into the development of sutureless microvascular anastomoses. In this review, the authors take a brief look at the developments of this technology through the years, with a focus on the more recent developments of laser-assisted vascular anastomoses, the unilink system, vascular closure staples, tissue adhesives, and magnets. Their working principles, with what has been found concerning their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.

Brachial plexus imaging is challenging due to its anatomical complexity. Multiple sequences of MRI may be performed pre-operatively for an accurate radiological diagnosis of brachial plexus injury. This image shows the useful role of MRI in localization of acute brachial plexus injury.

Epistaxis (i.e., nosebleed) is a common otolaryngologic emergency; however, it is seldom life-threatening and most minor nosebleeds stop on their own or under primary care from medical staff. Nonetheless, cases of recurrent epistaxis should be checked by an otolaryngologist, and severe nosebleeds should be referred to the emergency department to avoid adverse consequences, including hypovolemic shock or death. This paper reviews current advances in our understanding of epistaxis as well as updated treatment algorithms to assist clinicians in optimizing outcomes.

Stephen Hawking died in Cambridge on March 14, 2018 at the age of 76. He has been described as one of the greatest scientific minds in history and the most popular scientific figure since Albert Einstein. He is also a symbol of human courage and persistence, having continued in his work for decades in spite of a debilitating disease that left him confined to a wheelchair. Hawking was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in his early twenties. This rare disease leads to gradual decline of the brain’s ability to control muscles. Doctors predicted that he would live for only a few years, but the advance of the disease was slower than expected, thereby allowing him to pursue an illustrious career articulating theories of the cosmos and bringing science to the forefront of popular culture.

This case report characterizes the clinical course of a 79-year-old man with idiopathic Parkinson disease who developed polyarthralgia following commencement of levodopa-carbidopa therapy, resolution of the polyarthralgia with discontinuation of it, and subsequent reappearance of polyarthralgia when the medication was restarted. The time-locked relationship between polyarthralgia and levodopa-carbidopa treatment suggests that this is an adverse drug reaction. The possible pathophysiologic basis of this unusual reaction is discussed.

3D volume imaging is the most important advantage in modern sonography after the introduction of the vaginal probe. The great use of 3D ultrasound in obtaining valuable medical details is undoubted and it could replace MRI scans in gynecology patients as it is able to provide the same or even better views. The review article addresses how to obtain optimum 3D images and some of the possible clinical applications of this technique. The review also addresses in more detail the three major steps in obtaining 3D images, which are volume acquisition, volume display, and volume analysis.

Patients with gynecological abdominal wall malignancies can benefit significantly from radical resection and autologous reconstruction. The pedicled anterolateral thigh flap is the preferred donor site, offering a reliable solution to abdominal wall reconstruction in this setting. The satisfactory results should prompt a more aggressive surgical approach for these patients. This article describes the authors' experiences with the abdominal reconstruction following surgical resection of gynecological abdominal wall malignancy using pedicled anterolateral thigh flap.

A 55-year-old postmenopausal lady was presented with recurrent carcinoma of ovary. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen was performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, showing retroaortic left renal vein and precaval right renal artery, along with the resolution of previous vaginal vault lesion. The intraoperative findings revealed a peritoneal carcinomatosis index of 3, according to an incidental deposit found on the vaginal vault infiltrating into the rectum. During retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, as part of the procedures in cytoreduction, aberrant renal vessels were identified. A complete clearance was done safeguarding the vessels as seen in the intraoperative image.

The authors present a retrospective review of 7 patients who underwent wide excision of the malignant tumors around the clavicle. Patient demographics, clinical details, the arc of rotation, outcome, and complications were analyzed.

The use of PRP injection for treatment of plantar fasciitis resulted in significant improvement in pain according to VAS, PRS, and FFI and a reduction in the thickness of the plantar fascia as measured by US, compared to the saline group.